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ArcGIS Metadata
1.0
https://www.vims.edu/ccrm/ccrmp/portals/index.php
File Geodatabase Feature Class
Plant Marsh or Marsh with Sill Preferred Best Management Practice Areas: Ranked
2021-02-01T00:00:00
2021-03-05T00:00:00
Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
PO Box 1346
Gloucester Point
Virginia
23062
US
1375 Greate Road
vector digital data
Center for Coastal Resources Management. 2019. Shoreline Management Model, version 5.1. Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, Virginia.
external
9c18fa79779bae455c5802e96e88d1b7
Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
PO Box 1346
Gloucester Point
Virginia
23062
US
1375 Greate Road
804-684-7140
https://www.vims.edu/ccrm/
Jessica Hendricks
True
Jessica Hendricks
Tamia Rudnicky
Comprehensive Coastal Inventory Program, Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science
(804) 684-7181
P.O. Box 1346
Gloucester Point
Virginia
23062
US
Tamia Rudnicky
<DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><P><SPAN>The Center for Coastal Resources Management (CCRM) at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) has been developing tools to guide local governments in shoreline management. Using a number of criteria, the Shoreline Management Model (SMM) determines appropriate shoreline best management practices. This layer contains only those areas determined to be suitable for non-structural plant marsh or plant marsh with sill recommedations. These areas are prioritized using a scoring method that considers nutrient removal potential, benefits provided to coastal buildings, the potential for the project to provide habitat continuity and enhancement, and the potential the project to add resilience for socially vulnerable communities.</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>(For more information on the Shoreline Management Model, see https://www.vims.edu/ccrm/ccrmp/bmp .)</SPAN></P></DIV>
Priority rankings for areas of Virginia's coastline that the Shoreline Management Model (SMM) recommends as suitable for non-structural living shorelines (e.g., plant marsh) or plant marsh with sill.
Marcia Berman
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Director Comprehensive Coastal Inventory Program
(804) 684-7188
P.O. Box 1346
Gloucester Point
Virginia
23062
US
marcia@vims.edu
Virginia, Chesapeake Bay, Accomack, Arlington, Caroline, Charles City, Chesterfield, City of Chesapeake, City of Colonial Heights, City of Fredericksburg, City of Hampton, City of Hopewell, City of Petersburg, City of Richmond, Essex, Fairfax, Gloucester, Hanover, Henrico, Isle of Wight, James City, King George, Lancaster, Mathews, Middlesex, New Kent, Newport News, Norfolk, Northampton, Northumberland, Poquoson, Portsmouth, Prince George, Prince William, Richmond, Spotsylvania, Stafford, Suffolk, Surry, Virginia Beach, Westmoreland, Williamsburg, York
ISO 19115 Topic Categories
environment
elevation
planningCadastre
geoscientificInformation
biota
Shoreline Management Model, Preferred Shoreline Best Management Practices, Living Shorelines, Shoreline Conditions, Shoreline Structures, Riparian Land Use, Shoreline Inventory, Erosion Control, Shoreline Treatments
environment
Shoreline Management Model
Preferred Shoreline Best Management Practices
Living Shorelines
Shoreline Conditions
Shoreline Structures
Riparian Land Use
Shoreline Inventory
Erosion Control
Shoreline Treatments
elevation
planningCadastre
Virginia
Chesapeake Bay
Accomack
Arlington
Caroline
Charles City
Chesterfield
City of Chesapeake
City of Colonial Heights
City of Fredericksburg
City of Hampton
City of Hopewell
City of Petersburg
City of Richmond
Essex
Fairfax
Gloucester
Hanover
Henrico
Isle of Wight
James City
King George
Lancaster
Mathews
Middlesex
New Kent
Newport News
Norfolk
Northampton
Northumberland
Poquoson
Portsmouth
Prince George
Prince William
Richmond
Spotsylvania
Stafford
Suffolk
Surry
Virginia Beach
Westmoreland
Williamsburg
York
geoscientificInformation
biota
<DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>These data should be used to guide the decision making process on how best to manage an erosion problem. Recommendations are made without consideration of property length, ownership, or value. Treatment recommendations are based on models that utilize best available data which may not reflect the actual conditions present on the shoreline.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
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ground condition and currentness of associated datasets.
1998-01-01T00:00:00
2017-08-31T00:00:00
0.000000
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Esri ArcGIS 12.7.3.26828
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-77.471251
-75.328349
38.900442
36.549934
0.000000
0.000000
Center for Coastal Resources Management (CCRM), Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS),
Topology has been checked. There are no overlapping arcs. All arcs are greater than 1m in length.
All shoreline coded for Riparian Land Use (RiparianLU) will have a shoreline best management practice recommendation listed in the SMMv5Class field and a definition listed in the SMMv5Def field. Note that shoreline inventory data collection and publication dates vary by locality and may not reflect the actual conditon present on the shoreline.
The Tidal Marsh Inventory is produced by the Comprehensive Coastal Inventory, Center for Coastal Resources Management at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, Virginia. The Shoreline Management Model obtains marsh information from this source.
Tidal Marsh Inventory
Tidal Marsh Inventory
2015-12-31T00:00:00
vector digital data
Tidal Marsh Inventory information for individual counties can be found with the Shoreline Inventory: https://www.vims.edu/ccrm/research/inventory/virginia/index.php
http://www.vims.edu/ccrm/research/inventory/virginia/index.php
Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
PO Box 1346
Gloucester Point
Virginia
23062
US
1375 Greate Road
Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
Marsh boundaries are digitized from high resolution aerial imagery. Field collection of marsh data is primarily performed from a small shallow-draft vessel, navigating at slow speeds parallel to the shoreline. Data has been collected during the summer since 2009.
2009-06-01
2018-08-16
Fetch data is an unpublished data source created by the Comprehensive Coastal Inventory, Center for Coastal Resources Management at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, Virginia. This dataset provides information on shoreline exposure to potential wave energy via a distance model that measures distance to nearest shoreline along compass rose. Measurements are taken at 25 meter increments along the shoreline.
Virginia Shoreline Fetch
Virginia Shoreline Fetch
vector digital data
Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
PO Box 1346
Gloucester Point
Virginia
23062
US
1375 Greate Road
Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
Fetch uses the shoreline developed for the shoreline inventory. Shoreline is digitized using the most recent VBMP high resolution imagery available at the time of the inventory.
2007-01-01
2017-05-01
The Shoreline Inventory is produced by the Comprehensive Coastal Inventory, Center for Coastal Resources Management at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, Virginia. The inventory provides information on bank height, beach presence, and forested shoreline in addition to the location of shoreline structures such as riprap and bulkhead.
Virginia Digital Shoreline Inventories
Virginia Digital Shoreline Inventories
vector digital data
Each county has its own shoreline inventory. Please see http://www.vims.edu/ccrm/research/inventory/virginia/index.php for more information pertaining to the Shoreline Inventory for individual counties.
http://www.vims.edu/ccrm/research/inventory/virginia/index.php
Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
PO Box 1346
Gloucester Point
Virginia
23062
US
1375 Greate Road
Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
Each county has its own shoreline inventory. Between 2009 - 2015 shoreline inventoriy data was field collected by 2-3 person field crews using hand-held Trimble GeoExplorers GPS Units, while navigating by boat along the shoreline. Inventories published after 2015 are generated in the lab by viewing high resoultion imagery from the Virginia Base Mapping Program (VBMP), Bing maps, and Google Earth. Temporal period extent includes field days and aerial image dates.
2008-06-06
2018-08-16
The most recent 10 years of SAV merged together to show SAV presence. This layer is unpublished. SAV data can be downloaded from the VIMS website http://web.vims.edu/bio/sav/gis_data.html
SAV Habitat 10 Years (2007-2016)
SAV Habitat 10 Years (2007-2016)
Time period of SAV data.
2007-05-23
2016-11-17
Virginia Base Map Program Imagery from the Commonwealth of Virginia, through Virginia Geographic Network Division of its Department of Technology Planning (VGIN) is used to locate permanent structures, confirm road location, and identify wide beaches.
Virginia Base Map Program Imagery 2017
Virginia Base Map Program Imagery 2017
Basemap imagery used could be VBMP 2009, 2011, 2013, or 2017
Virginia Base Map Program provides high resolution aerial imagery for the Commonealth of Virginia. The best aerial coverage for Virginia's coastal plain occur in the VBMP products for 2006/2007, 2009, 2011, 2013, and 2017.
2009-05-01
2017-05-01
Roads are obtained from the U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division. The most recent TIGER/Line shapefile for the county is used. This dataset provides the location of roads and rails near the shoreline.
TIGER/Line Shapefile, {year}, county, {County Name}, VA, All Lines County-based Shapefile
2015-05-01T00:00:00
vector digital data
The year of the TIGER/Line shapefile used for each county is the same as the year the county's Shoreline Management Model was first puplished.
https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/tiger-line.html
The year of the TIGER/Line shapefile used for each county is the same as the year the county's Shoreline Management Model was first puplished.
2010-01-01
2018-01-01
Data from the Shoreline Studies Program, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, Virginia is used to identify wide beaches.
Non-Jurisdictional Beach Assessment
Non-Jurisdictional Beach Assessment
2006-01-01T00:00:00
Building Footprints are obtained from VGIN. This layer is used to locate buildings near the shoreline.
Virginia Building Footprints
Virginia Building Footprints
https://vgin.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=994d0afa44c046498f9774613671ce9a
VIMS-CCRM Coastal Management Decision Tools created by the Center for Coastal Resources Management (CCRM), Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, Virginia provides the framework for the GIS Shoreline Management Model. Online Linkage: http://www.vims.edu/ccrm/ccrmp/bmp/decision_tools/index.php
This data set is a extract of BMP recommendation polygons utilizing the composite of Shoreline Management Models with base shoreline inventory data published beginning in 2009.
Two classes of BMP actions were extracted from the SMM dataset:
1. Non-Structural Living Shoreline (was Maintain/Enhance/Create Marsh, Option 1, and uplandBMPs Land Use Management, Maintain/Enhance/Restore Riparian Buffer).
2. Plant Marsh with Sill (was Plant Marsh with Sill, Option 2 and 5)
2020-07-08T00:00:00
The use of living shorelines for erosion control is the preferred method under Virginia law. When originally enacted into law, there was little attention to the co-benefits that living shorelines offer beyond erosion control. Prioritizing these features allows for an expanded consideration of other co-benefits, described in following steps.
external
9c18fa79779bae455c5802e96e88d1b7
Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
PO Box 1346
Gloucester Point
Virginia
23062
US
1375 Greate Road
804-684-7140
https://www.vims.edu/ccrm/
Jessica Hendricks
True
Jessica Hendricks
Eliminated polygons overlapping existing tidal marshes, living shorelines, or other wetlands. Exploded remaining multipart features, and dissolved intersecting features based on their SMM recommendation.
2020-08-03T00:00:00
1) Closest adjacent or overlapping social vulnerability class was added to living shoreline polygons. 2) Inundation pathways intersecting or lying within 3-meters of the living shoreline polygon were counted. 3) The types of NNBFs within 3-meters of living shoreline polygons were added.
In order to proceed in ranking priority areas for potential living shoreline projects, information from several other spatial layers was joined to the living shoreline polygons: 1) social vulnerability class, 2) inundation pathways for buildings in areas of less than 10-feet elevation, and 3) existing adjacent natural and nature-based features (NNBFs).
2021-01-11T00:00:00
Inundation pathways delineating areas of lowest elevation that connect buildings in areas of less than 10-feet in elevation to the tidal shoreline. These pathways are used to define where the benefits from a living shoreline project are most likely to provide flooding mitigation benefits to individual buildings.
Social vulnerability classification uses census tract data and is useful tool for government officials and policymakers to identify vulnerable communities that may need help in preparing for and dealing with a potential environmental hazard. This index takes many different vulnerability factors and boils them down to an easy to interpret social vulnerability score which can be ranked relative to other areas. More information can be found here: http://www.adaptva.org/info/planning_sv.html
VIMS-CCRM Inventory of Natural and Nature-Based Features (NNBFs), 2020.
Available: http://cmap2.vims.edu/AdaptVA/adaptVA_viewer.html
Polygons for areas recommended for living shoreline projects were ranked, using an indicator scoring system based on four parameters: 1) nutrient reduction potential, 2) potential to provide habitat continuity and enhancement, 3) potential benefit to providing flooding mitigation for vulnerable buildings, and 4) potential to provide benefits for socially vulnerable communities. Each polygon was scored low (1), medium (2), or high (3) for each of the four parameters. Scored were added and then statistically grouped into some benefits provided, many benefits provided, and the most benefits provided.
2021-02-08T00:00:00
LivingShorelineSuitableAreasForMarshRankedCoBenefits_clipped_ERWtrshdBnd_wm
Shoreline Management Model version 5.1 attributes
Processor
Feature Class
0
Shape_Length
Length of feature in internal units.
Esri
Positive real numbers that are automatically generated.
Shape_Length
Double
8
0
0
Shape
Feature geometry.
ESRI
Coordinates defining the features.
Shape
Geometry
0
0
0
TARGET_FID
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4
0
0
SMMv5Class
SMMv5Class
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0
0
Revised SMM v5.1 preferred shoreline BMP classifications
processor
Non-Structural Living Shoreline
Shoreline Management Model v5.1 Glossary
Remove existing shoreline structure if present; grade bank if necessary and install a non-structural living shoreline which may include riparian buffer planting along the bank, and/or marsh plants, coir logs, or oyster reefs along the shoreline. Best choice for low energy environments.
Plant Marsh with Sill
Shoreline Management Model v5.1 Glossary
In moderate energy environments a sill may be required to establish a living shoreline. Remove any existing shoreline structure if present and grade the bank if possible. Stabilize bank with riparian vegetation and plant a marsh with a sill. If the bank cannot be graded, repair existing shoreline structure with a minimal footprint and consider incorporating a marsh with a sill or some other shoreline enhancement (e.g. oyster castles).
Groin Field with Beach Nourishment
Shoreline Management Model v5.1 Glossary
Maintain existing wide beach between groins. Remove unnecessary structures at the backshore (e.g. bulkheads) and stabilize the bank with grading and riparian plants. Repair/replace existing groins, add beach nourishment and plant beach vegetation.
Maintain Beach or Offshore Breakwater with Beach Nourishment
Shoreline Management Model v5.1 Glossary
If shoreline exceeds 200 feet in length, remove existing shoreline structure, add beach nourishment sand, consider offshore breakwaters or another type of wave attenuation device with beach nourishment; consider adding plantings to the nourished areas. When the shoreline length is less than 200 feet an offshore breakwater may not be practical. In this case, remove failed shoreline structures and repair or construct a revetment as far landward as possible. Consider shoreline enhancement such as creation of vegetated wetlands and/or riparian buffer and/or sandy beach/dune above and immediately channelward of the structure.
Revetment
Shoreline Management Model v5.1 Glossary
Remove existing failing or failed shoreline structure, if present. Construct new revetment as far landward as possible; grade the bank and plant vegetation buffers where possible. If grading is not possible, construct or repair existing revetment in the same alignment. A bulkhead should be considered only if previously present and the site is limited by navigation. Consider shoreline enhancement such as creation of vegetated wetlands and/or riparian buffer and/or sandy beach/dune above and immediately channelward of the structure. In high energy settings where shoreline extends more than 200 feet see option for Offshore Breakwater with Beach Nourishment.
Revetment/Bulkhead Toe Revetment
Shoreline Management Model v5.1 Glossary
If grading is possible, remove the failed bulkhead and replace with a revetment landward of the current bulkhead. When grading not possible, (re)construct bulkhead in the same alignment and/or add a toe revetment. Consider a shoreline enhancement project such as creation of vegetated wetlands and/or riparian buffer and/or sandy beach/dune above and immediately channelward of the structure.
Highly Modified Area
Shoreline Management Model v5.1 Glossary
Management options for this shoreline may be limited due to the presence of highly developed upland (e.g. commercial wharfs) or infrastructure directly adjacent to the shoreline (e.g. road) and will depend on the need for and limitations posed by navigation access and erosion control. Seek expert advice on the design of your project.
Ecological Conflicts
Shoreline Management Model v5.1 Glossary
Management options for this shoreline may be limited by the presence of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) or Mangroves (Florida and Gulf coast shorelines). For Virginia shorelines, seek advice from the Virginia Marine Resources Commission Habitat Management Division http://www.mrc.virginia.gov/. If you live in another state, seek advice from your local marine regulatory agency.
Special Geomorphic Feature
Shoreline Management Model v5.1 Glossary
Maintain the natural condition of this shoreline to allow for unimpeded sediment movement and the corresponding response of wetlands, beach and/or dune. If primary structures are present and threatened, seek expert advice on the design of your project.
No Action Needed
Shoreline Management Model v5.1 Glossary
No specific management actions are suitable for shoreline protection, e.g. boat ramps, undeveloped marsh, and barrier islands.
Land Use Management. Seek expert advice
Shorelines with tall banks greater than 30 feet limit possible solutions to address bank erosion. Forces other than tidal erosion, such as over-land runoff, upland development, and vegetation management are likely also having effect on bank conditions. Assessment of all factors and modifications to address causes for bank erosion are recommended. This may include changes to vegetation management, implementation of projects to address storm water, relocating buildings, utilities, and other infrastructure. All new construction should be located 100 feet or more from the top of bank. Actions may also include requesting zoning variances for relief from setback and other land use requirements or restrictions that may increase erosion risk. Seek expert advice to inform management options.
Shoreline Management Model v5.1 Glossary
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0
0
adj_score
adj_score
Integer
4
0
0
vul_score
vul_score
SmallInteger
2
0
0
Summ_Score
Summ_Score
Integer
4
0
0
wq_rank
wq_rank
String
255
0
0
ip_rank
ip_rank
String
255
0
0
adjnnbf_rank
adjnnbf_rank
String
255
0
0
vuln_rank
vuln_rank
String
255
0
0
Sum_Rank
Sum_Rank
String
255
0
0
OBJECTID
Internal feature number.
Esri
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
OBJECTID
OID
4
0
0
Shape_Area
Shape_Area
Double
8
0
0
Area of feature in internal units squared.
Esri
Positive real numbers that are automatically generated.
dataset
EPSG
6.18.3(9.3.1.2)
0
Simple
FALSE
0
TRUE
TRUE
20210419
external
9c18fa79779bae455c5802e96e88d1b7
Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)
PO Box 1346
Gloucester Point
Virginia
23062
US
1375 Greate Road
804-684-7140
https://www.vims.edu/ccrm/
Jessica Hendricks
True
Jessica Hendricks